hard coal
solid coalModeled on DESNZ 'Coal (industrial)' (UK-context hard coal). DESNZ has no rank-based terms; its categories are functional (industrial/domestic/electricity-generation/coking). No density is given by DESNZ (coal is sold by mass) → volume↔mass shows 'not available'. IPCC 2006 Other Bituminous Coal NCV 25.8 MJ/kg, CO2 94,600 kg/TJ. For anthracite/lignite specifically, use the dedicated rank-based entries (IPCC-sourced).
Typical ranges: IPCC 2006 'Other Bituminous Coal' NCV 25.8 MJ/kg (range 19.9–30.5); DESNZ domestic/coking/generation coal categories differ (28.613 / 30.24 / 23.826 GJ/tonne).
- Coal energy and emission factors vary widely by rank, region and moisture/ash content. This entry is DESNZ 'Coal (industrial)' (UK context). No density is available (coal is sold by mass), so volume conversions are not available.
Density
Not available.
Heating values
Emission factors
| Metric | Value | Scope | Region / year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2e | 2.37528994 kg co2e per kg | direct combustion | UK · 2025 |
CO₂ ≠ CO₂e — separate metrics, never converted into one another. Why? →
Worked example
Open in converter →Energy
Same energy expressed in other units.
Mass
Emissions
CO₂ and CO₂e are separate — never derived from each other.
Energy density
Energy per unit of mass or volume.
Assumptions
- heating value basis: energy on LHV/NCV basis, 25.405 MJ/kg
- heating value basis: energy on HHV/GCV basis, 26.742 MJ/kg
Sources
Follow each source back to its primary document — that traceability is the point. How conversions work →