LNG
liquid gasDESNZ 2025 'LNG' — chemically natural gas, but ~600× denser in energy per volume than gaseous natural gas. Per-litre CO2e in DESNZ = 1.17797 kgCO2e/L. The per-L heating value is derived from DESNZ's liquid density × gravimetric CV.
- 1 m³ (or 1 L) of LIQUEFIED natural gas is NOT the same as 1 m³ of GASEOUS natural gas: LNG is ~600× denser in energy per volume. Never convert LNG volume directly to gas volume — go via mass/energy. This entry is the liquid phase.
Easily confused with
Different products with different numbers. Check you are on the right one.
- natural gas 0.802 kg/m³ 2.06672 kgCO₂e/m³
- CNG 175 kg/m³ 0.4507 kgCO₂e/L
- methane 0.716 kg/m³
Density
452.489 kg/m³
at liquefied (cryogenic, ~−162 °C)
Heating values
LHV/NCV
- 45.745 MJ/kg
- 5.750 kWh/L
HHV/GCV
- 50.678 MJ/kg
- 6.370 kWh/L
Source for all values above
Emission factors
- CO₂e 1.17797 kgCO₂e/Ldirect combustion · UK · 2025
| Metric | Value | Scope | Region / year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO₂e | 1.17797 kgCO₂e/L | direct combustion | UK · 2025 |
CO₂ ≠ CO₂e — separate metrics, never converted into one another. What these metrics mean →
Worked example: 1 L LNG converted to every unit
Converting
1 L · LNG
At a glance
- Energy · LHV 5.75 kWh source-based
- Mass 0.4525 kg source-based
- CO₂e ~1.18 kg CO₂e region + year
All results
Energy
Same energy expressed in other units.
Net calorific value · LHV/NCV
source-based every figure below
20.7 MJ
5.75 kWh
0.0207 GJ
19,620 BTU
Gross calorific value · HHV/GCV
source-based every figure below
22.93 MJ
6.37 kWh
0.02293 GJ
21,740 BTU
Mass
Volume
exact every figure below
1,000 mL
1 L
0.001 m³
~0.264172 US gal
~0.219969 imp gal
~0.00628981 bbl
Emissions
CO₂ and CO₂e are separate — never derived from each other.
Energy density
Energy per unit of mass or volume.
Net calorific value · LHV/NCV
source-based every figure below
45.74 MJ/kg
5.75 kWh/L
Assumptions
- density: assumed LNG density 452.489 kg/m³ at liquefied (cryogenic, ~−162 °C)
- heating value basis: energy on LHV/NCV basis, 5.750 kWh/L
- heating value basis: energy on HHV/GCV basis, 6.370 kWh/L
Sources
Follow each source back to its primary document — that traceability is the point. How conversions work →
Sources
Learn more
HHV/GCV vs LHV/NCV Higher heating value counts the heat of condensing water vapour; lower heating value does not. The gap can be 5–20%.Why fuel conversions are approximate Density, calorific value and emission factors are material properties that vary — so fuel results are sourced estimates, not constants.